Comparison of Immune Indicators Related to Phagocytosis of Five Species of Sea Urchins under Artificial Infection with the Pathogenic Bacterium of Black Mouth Disease
Wenzhuo Tian,
Zhong Wang,
Xiaofei Leng,
Peng Liu,
Hao Guo,
Xuechun Jiang,
Fanjiang Ou,
Tongshan Jia,
Jun Ding,
Weijie Zhang,
Yaqing Chang
Affiliations
Wenzhuo Tian
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Zhong Wang
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Xiaofei Leng
Dalian Haibao Fisheries Limited, Dalian 116041, China
Peng Liu
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Hao Guo
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Xuechun Jiang
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Fanjiang Ou
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Tongshan Jia
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Jun Ding
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Weijie Zhang
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Yaqing Chang
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
To screen for immune indicators closely related to disease resistance, two species of sea urchin susceptible to black mouth disease (Strongylocentrotus intermedius, S. intermedius ♀ × Heliocidaris crassispina ♂) and three species of sea urchin resistant to black mouth disease (H. crassispina, H. crassispina ♀ × S. intermedius ♂ and Mesocentrotus nudus) were artificially infected with the black mouth pathogen Vibrio echinoideorum. The phagocytosis-related immune indices of the five sea urchin species were compared at different time points post-infection. The results demonstrated that the parameters such as apoptotic rate of phagocytes, mean contribution value (MCV) of single effective phagocyte on Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (T-AOC) of the five sea urchin species first increased and then decreased after infection. The key time points were 3 h to 6 h and 48 h post-infection when the black mouth disease-resistant and susceptible sea urchins demonstrated differences. At 3 h or 6 h post-infection, the up-regulation folds in MCV of ACP, ROS and T-AOC of black mouth disease-resistant sea urchins were considerably higher than that of the susceptible sea urchins. At 6 h post-infection, the apoptosis rate and the phagocytic index (PI) of the black mouth disease-resistant sea urchins were significantly higher than those of the susceptible sea urchins (p p < 0.05). The apoptosis and necrosis rate of phagocytes, PI, and MCV on ACP, ROS may be used as indicators of disease resistance in sea urchins. Disease resistance standards in immune indices can be summarized as phagocytosis increases greatly in the early infection stage and decreases timely to a normal level after killing the pathogen in a short period.
