Disseminated histoplasmosis in a kidney liver transplant patient from a non-endemic area: A diagnostic challenge
L. Carmans,
A. Van Craenenbroeck,
K. Lagrou,
C.M. Deroose,
X. Sagaert,
A. Wolthuis,
E. Van Wijngaerden,
D.R. Kuypers
Affiliations
L. Carmans
Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
A. Van Craenenbroeck
Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium
K. Lagrou
Department of Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
C.M. Deroose
Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Belgium
X. Sagaert
Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
A. Wolthuis
Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
E. Van Wijngaerden
Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
D.R. Kuypers
Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium; Corresponding author at: Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Disseminated histoplasmosis is a rare opportunistic infection in non-endemic areas, where the disease is often diagnosed late. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad and life-threatening complications occur.We present a detailed case of a kidney liver transplant patient with disseminated histoplasmosis in a non-endemic area. Our case highlights the wide range of pathogens to consider in the immunocompromised patient, the delayed diagnosis of Histoplasmosis Capsulatum in non-endemic areas and the possibility of severe gastrointestinal disease. We also briefly review diagnostic tests and treatment options.
