Fosfomycin-trometamol (FT) or fluoroquinolone (FQ) as single-dose prophylaxis for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PB): A prospective cohort study

Abstract

Objectives: The increasing incidence of fluoroquinolones (FQ) resistance may lower its efficacy in preventing UTI following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PB). We assessed the efficacy and safety of FQ and fosfomycin-trometamol (FT) in patients undergoing TRUS-PB. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted between April 2017 and June 2019 and enrolled men undergoing TRUS-PB and receiving a single-dose of FQ (FQ-arm) or FT (FT-arm) for UTI prophylaxis per physician’s choice. The primary efficacy endpoint was self-reported TRUS-PB UTI. We assessed baseline factors associated with UTI with logistic regression. Results: A total of 222 men were enrolled, 141/222 (64%) received FQ, and 81/222 (36%) FT. The median age was 67.6 years [IQR, 61.4–72.1] and the Charlson score was 3 [IQR, 3–5]. The overall incidence of self-reported TRUS-PB UTI was 12% (24/197, (95%CI, 8%–17%)): 15% (17/116, (95% CI, 10%–17%)) in FQ-arm, versus 9% (7/81, 95% CI (5%–13%)) in FT-arm (RR = 0.55 (95% CI, 0.22–1.40), p-value = 0.209). No baseline characteristic was significantly associated with TRUS-PB UTI. Safety was similar between the arms: the rate of the reported adverse event was 31% (36/116, (95% CI, 25%–37%) in the FQ-arm versus 36% (28/81, (95% CI, 28%–41%)) in the FT-arm (RR = 1.17 (95% CI, 0.64–2.15), p = 0.602). Conclusions: TRUS-PB UTI prophylaxis with FT and FQ has similar efficacy and safety. A randomized comparison of these two antibiotics is warranted.

Keywords

• Fosfomycin
• Fluoroquinolones
• Prophylaxis
• Prostate Biopsy
• Cohort study