Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición (Dec 2007)
Validez de una ecuación basada en antropometría para estimar la grasa corporal en adultos mayores Validity of an equation based on anthropometry to estimate body fat in older adults.
Abstract
Se diseñó y validó una ecuación de predicción basada en antropometría para estimar la masa grasa en adultos mayores, usando como método de referencia el modelo de 4 compartimientos (4C). Se incluyeron 202 sujetos = 60 años. Se midió el agua corporal total por dilución con oxido de deuterio, contenido mineral óseo por DEXA y la densidad corporal por pletismografía de desplazamiento de aire. Para el diseño y validación la muestra se dividió aleatoriamente. En la sub-muestra uno se generaron los modelos de predicción de la masa grasa, los cuales se aplicaron en la sub-muestra dos. La exactitud y precisión se probó por análisis de regresión simple y el sesgo mediante la prueba de Bland y Altman y regresión lineal simple. La ecuación incluyó peso corporal, sexo, pliegue del tríceps y pantorrilla; con una R2, un error estándar del estimador y el estadístico de Mallow (Cp) de 0.86, 3.2 y 3.2, respectivamente. En la sub-muestra dos se observó equivalencia entre los métodos, con un intercepto no estadísticamente diferente de cero (p>0.05) y pendiente diferente de cero (p A prediction equation to estimate body fat mass from skinfold thickness for healthy elderly was developed using a four compartmental (4C) model as criterion method. This study included 202 subjects = 60 y old. The measurements of total body water, bone mineral content and body density were included in the 4C model equation. Total sample was randomly partitioned. Sub-sample one was used to design the equations, which were applied in sub-sample two. Its accuracy and precision was evaluated by lineal regression analysis and the bias by Bland and Altman analysis and simple lineal regression. The best model included body mass, sex and the calf and triceps skinfolds thicknesses, with an R2, standard error of the estimate and Cp of 0.85, 3.2 and 3.2, respectively. When the equation was applied in sub-sample two, it was accurate and precise, it showed no significant deviation from the line of identity (the intercept was no significantly different from zero, P>0.05), and slope was different from cero (or similar to 1) (P<0.05). Fat mass by the equation accounted for 86% of the variability of the mean fat mass estimated by the 4C model, having a low standard error of the estimate (3.2 kg) and low pure error (3.1 kg). The new equation was accurate and precise as well as free of significant bias in men and women together and for separately. This equation can be a good option to estimate fat mass in elderly men and women with similar physical characteristics to subjects of this study, and it can be used in clinical and epidemiological studies in this growing group.
