Speech Diagnostics of the Holistic Essence of Personality

Abstract

The article is devoted to the current interdisciplinary problem of determining the characteristics of a language personality (the term of Yu. N. Karaulov) according to various parameters of her speech, which is located at the junction of psycholinguistics and psychology. The proposed N.A. Fomina and the scientific concept developed by her together with the pupils for a comprehensive study of personality manifestations in speech activity, which presupposes a systemic consideration of personality traits and a multilevel, multicomponent analysis of the text as a product of individual speech activity. This approach allows you to disclose speech activity in basic features, relationships and relationships, as well as provide a more complete and in-depth description of the individuality of the subject of this activity. The article briefly presents the author's method of polycomponent analysis of the text-statement, giving the opportunity to consider not only its own linguistic (language, speech, meaningful and semantic) characteristics, but also the reflection in it of psychological (motivational, cognitive, dynamic, emotional, regulatory) properties of authors of statements. Integral variables are named – activity, focus and self-regulation, penetrating all the structural components of the personality and revealing its integral essence through the basic properties. The possibilities of speech diagnostics of the holistic essence of the personality, which is reflected in its initiative, sociability, and perseverance, characterizing the activity, direction, and regulation of this activity are shown. Some results of an empirical study of the manifestations of the individual-typological features of these personality traits in her speech are described. Parameters by which it is possible to identify representatives of internally – subject, internally-ergic, productive and semantic, selective and aergic types of organization of initiative, sociability, and perseverance, differing from each other primarily by the ratio of different motives and needs, by means of self-regulation and external dynamic manifestations are indicated.

Keywords

• language personality, speech activity, the integral essence of personality, activity, orientation, self-regulation, language, speech, meaningful characteristics of texts, motivational-targeted, cognitive, emotional, regulatory, dynamic, effective components of speech actions, individual typological features of initiative, sociability, and perseverance