Lessons for sustaining the elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome in the Caribbean

Abstract

This study searched grey literature and PubMed for strategies to sustain the elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome and prevent their reintroduction in the Caribbean. Strategies were categorized at the macro, meso, and micro health levels. Macro strategies include: strong, clear, unified political and technical leadership and support; country ownership and subregional coordination of resources, policies, and programs; government investment in national immunization programs; and timely payment to the Pan American Health Organization Revolving Fund for affordable, good-quality vaccines. Including the private health sector and health workers in the tourism industry to identify and manage suspected imported cases, and finding and vaccinating every unvaccinated child, university student or frontline worker are key meso strategies. Strong social and communication programs are the key micro strategies needed to promote vaccine confidence and gain public trust. Priority macro strategies include a strengthened legislative framework supporting immunization, and policies to ring-fence the immunization budget, mitigate the rapid turnover of staff, and train new immunization managers. Establishing infrastructure to vaccinate adolescents and adults, including through the private sector, increasing the capacity to test for measles and rubella, and updating digital surveillance systems for timely decision-making are also critical meso strategies to prevent the reintroduction of these diseases. Partnerships, commitment, and collaborative efforts that contribute to elimination must be sustained, and health strategies strengthened to keep the Caribbean free of endemic transmission of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome.

Keywords

• measles
• rubella
• rubella syndrome, congenital
• vaccination
• immunization programs
• caribbean region