Comparison of the Whole-Genome Sequence of the African Swine Fever Virus from a Mongolian Wild Boar with Genotype II Viruses from Asia and Europe
Ulaankhuu Ankhanbaatar,
Agathe Auer,
Gerelmaa Ulziibat,
Tirumala B. K. Settypalli,
Delgerzul Gombo-Ochir,
Ganzorig Basan,
Taichiro Takemura,
Erdene-Ochir Tseren-Ochir,
Hatem Ouled Ahmed,
Irene Kasindi Meki,
Sneha Datta,
Baba Soumare,
Artem Metlin,
Giovanni Cattoli,
Charles E. Lamien
Affiliations
Ulaankhuu Ankhanbaatar
Laboratory of Viral Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia
Agathe Auer
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Gerelmaa Ulziibat
Laboratory of Viral Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia
Tirumala B. K. Settypalli
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Delgerzul Gombo-Ochir
Laboratory of Viral Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia
Ganzorig Basan
Laboratory of Viral Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia
Taichiro Takemura
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Erdene-Ochir Tseren-Ochir
School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia
Hatem Ouled Ahmed
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Irene Kasindi Meki
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Sneha Datta
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Baba Soumare
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO-UN), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
Artem Metlin
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO-UN), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
Giovanni Cattoli
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
Charles E. Lamien
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and severe viral hemorrhagic disease in domestic and wild pigs. ASF seriously affects the global swine industry as the mortality rate can reach 100% with highly virulent strains. In 2007, ASF was introduced into the Caucasus and spread to Russia and later into other European and Asian countries. This study reported the first whole-genome sequence (WGS) of the ASF virus (ASFV) that was detected in a Mongolian wild boar. This sequence was then compared to other WGS samples from Asia and Europe. Results show that the ASFV Genotype II from Mongolia is similar to the Asian Genotype II WGS. However, there were three nucleotide differences found between the Asian and European genome sequences, two of which were non-synonymous. It was also observed that the European Genotype II ASFV WGS was more diverse than that of the Asian counterparts. The study demonstrates that the ASFV Genotype II variants found in wild boars and domestic pigs are highly similar, suggesting these animals might have had direct or indirect contact, potentially through outdoor animal breeding. In conclusion, this study provides a WGS and mutation spectrum of the ASFV Genotype II WGS in Asia and Europe and thus provides important insights into the origin and spread of ASFV in Mongolia.
