Spinal anaesthesia with Chloroprocaine HCl 1% for elective lower limb procedures of short duration: a prospective, randomised, observer-blind study in adult patients

Abstract

Abstract Background This prospective, randomised, observer-blinded study has been conducted in patients undergoing procedures of the lower extremities to evaluate the time to complete block resolution of 2-chloroprocaine 1% at three intrathecal doses (30, 40 and 50 mg). Methods After informed consent, we enrolled 45 male and female patients, aged 18–65 years, ASA score I-II, BMI 18–32 kg/m2, undergoing elective lower limb procedures lasting ≤40 min and with a requested dermatomeric level of sensory block ≥ T12. The patients were randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive Chloroprocaine HCl 1% at one of the three different intrathecal doses (Group 30 = 30 mg, Group 40 = 40 mg or Group 50 = 50 mg). The progression and regression of both sensory and motor blocks were evaluated blindly. Urine and venous blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. Results Times to regression of spinal blocks were 1.76 ± 0.35 h, 2.13 ± 0.46 h and 2.23 ± 0.38 h, in Group 30, 40 and 50 respectively: the 30 mg dose showed a significantly faster resolution of spinal block than the 40 mg (p = 0.034) and the 50 mg (p = 0.006). Time to readiness for surgery was significantly reduced with the dose of 50 mg when compared to dose of 30 mg (p = 0.0259). Conclusions The doses of 50 mg and 40 mg yielded a longer resolution of spinal block than the dose of 30 mg. Nevertheless, the dose of 30 mg resulted in a higher secondary failure rate. Trial registration Registration of clinical trial: clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT02481505 ).

Keywords

• Ambulatory, subspecialties
• Anaesthetics, local
• Chloroprocaine
• Neuraxial blocks: spinal, regional anaesthesia
• Transient neurologic symptoms, complications