Role of the personality in cultural development in the Russian society (the retrospective analysis of the 19–20th centuries)

Abstract

The article deals with the social phenomena of philanthropy and charity in the sphere of culture and art in Russia in the XIX and the first half of the XX centuries. The contribution of Russian collectors, who donated their collections to the society, created public museums and galleries, contributed to the development of education. The author traces the fate of Russian patrons and the Affairs of their lives, compares the activities of Russian collectors and creators, aware of the social responsibility of their business with American patrons of art (E. Mellon, M. Post, A. Hammer).

Keywords

• intellectual culture
• art
• philanthropy
• charity
• the role of the individual in the development of culture and society
• social responsibility of business