Influence of Agronomic Practice on Total Phenols, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls Content, and Biological Activities in Dry Herbs Water Macerates
Kalina Sikorska-Zimny,
Paweł Lisiecki,
Weronika Gonciarz,
Magdalena Szemraj,
Maja Ambroziak,
Olga Suska,
Oliwia Turkot,
Małgorzata Stanowska,
Krzysztof P. Rutkowski,
Magdalena Chmiela,
Wojciech Mielicki
Affiliations
Kalina Sikorska-Zimny
Skierniewice, Fruit and Vegetables Storage and Processing Department, Division of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Postharvest Physiology, Research Institute of Horticulture, Pomologiczna 13a Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Paweł Lisiecki
Stefan Batory State University, Batorego 64c Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Weronika Gonciarz
Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, The University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16 Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Magdalena Szemraj
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics, The Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 137 Street, 90-235 Lodz, Poland
Maja Ambroziak
Stefan Batory State University, Batorego 64c Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Olga Suska
Stefan Batory State University, Batorego 64c Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Oliwia Turkot
Stefan Batory State University, Batorego 64c Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Małgorzata Stanowska
Stefan Batory State University, Batorego 64c Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Krzysztof P. Rutkowski
Skierniewice, Fruit and Vegetables Storage and Processing Department, Division of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Postharvest Physiology, Research Institute of Horticulture, Pomologiczna 13a Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Magdalena Chmiela
Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, The University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16 Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Wojciech Mielicki
Stefan Batory State University, Batorego 64c Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) have long been known for their organoleptic properties. Both plants are widely used in cuisine worldwide in fresh and dried form and as a pharmaceutical raw material. The study aimed to assess if the type of cultivation influenced chosen chemical parameters (total polyphenols by Folin-Ciocalteu method; carotenoids and chlorophyll content by Lichtenthaler method), antimicrobial activity (with chosen reference microbial strains) and shaped cytotoxicity (with L929 mouse fibroblasts cell line) in water macerates of dry oregano and thyme. Polyphenols content and antimicrobial activity were higher in water macerates obtained from conventional cultivation (independently from herb species), unlike the pigments in a higher amount in macerates from organic herbs cultivation. Among all tested macerates stronger antimicrobial properties (effective in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis) and higher cytotoxicity (abilities to diminish the growth of L929 fibroblasts cytotoxicity) characterized the conventionally cultivated thyme macerate.
