Tromboemboli Paru Pada Anak

Abstract

Pulmonary thromboembolism could be happened because of pulmonary vessel obstruction by thrombi. Pulmonary thromboembolism is rarely diagnosed and reported in children, most of them are not diagnosed before autopsy was done. All adult diseases that increase the risk of thromboembolism occur in children and adolescent as well. Patients with pulmonary thromboembolism usually have serious underlying disorders or precipitating factors, such as immobility, central venous catheterization, heart disease, trauma, surgery, infection, dehydration, malignancies, hematologic disorders, and obesity. The anatomic site of venous thrombi in children differs from those in adult, which more likely to involve cranial or abdominal veins, and often asymptomatic. Pulmonary thromboembolism in children should be considered in the evaluation of unexplained pulmonary hypertension, respiratory insufficiency, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Pulmonary angiography is considered to be the gold-standard for diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism, and it is an invasive procedure. Non-invasif procedure multidetector helical/spiral computerized tomography scanning with high sensitivity and specificity is promising technique may replace pulmonary angiography. Although definitive protocols for treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism in children have not been improved yet, but until now anticoagulation drugs is used to prevent clot extension and recurrent thromboembolim.

Keywords

• Pulmonary thromboembolism
• pulmonary angiography
• multidetector helical/spiral computerized tomography scanning
• children