Consideration of some optimization techniques to design a hybrid energy system for a building in Cameroon

Abstract

To solve the problem energy deficit encountered in developing countries, Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) appears to be a very good solution. The paper presents the optimal design of a hybrid renewable energy system considering the technical i.e Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP), economic i.e Cost of Electricity (COE) and Net Present Cost (NPC) and environmental i.e Total Greenhouse gases emission (TGE) aspects using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Grey Wolf Optimization (PSOGWO), hybrid Grey-Wolf Optimization-Cuckoo Search (GWOCS) and Sine-Cosine Algorithm (SCA) for a Community multimedia center in MAKENENE, Cameroon; where inhabitants have to spend at times 3 to 4 days of blackout. Seven configurations (Scenarios) of hybrid energy systems including PV, WT, Battery and Diesel generator are analyzed considering an average daily energy load of 50.22 kWh with a peak load of 5.6 kW. Four values of the derating factor i.e 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 are used in this analysis and the best value is 0.9. Scenario 3 with LPSP, COE, NPC, TGE and RF of 0.003%, 0.15913 $/kWh, 46953.0485 $, 2.3406 kg/year and 99.8 % respectively when using GWOCS is found to be the most appropriate for the Community multimedia center. The optimal Scenario is obtained for a system comprising of 18 kW of Ppv−rated corresponding to 69 solar panels, 3 days of AD corresponding to a total battery capacity of 241 kWh and 1 of Ndg.

Keywords

• Hybrid renewable energy system
• Optimization
• Loss of power Supply probability
• Cost of electricity
• Net present cost
• Emission of greenhouse gases