The role of HR-HPV integration in the progression of premalignant lesions into different cancer types
Oscar Catalán-Castorena,
Olga Lilia Garibay-Cerdenares,
Berenice Illades-Aguiar,
Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruiz,
Ma. Isabel Zubillaga-Guerrero,
Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez,
Sergio Encarnación-Guevara,
Luz del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
Affiliations
Oscar Catalán-Castorena
Research in Cytopathology and Histochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico
Olga Lilia Garibay-Cerdenares
Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico; CONAHCyT-Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico; Corresponding author. CONAHCyT- Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, 39089, Mexico.
Berenice Illades-Aguiar
Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico
Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruiz
Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico
Ma. Isabel Zubillaga-Guerrero
Research in Cytopathology and Histochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico
Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico
Sergio Encarnación-Guevara
Center for Genomic Sciences, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
Luz del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
Research in Cytopathology and Histochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico; Corresponding author. Research in Cytopathology and Histochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Avenue Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39089, Mexico.
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is associated with the development of different types of cancer, such as cervical, head and neck (including oral, laryngeal, and oropharyngeal), vulvar, vaginal, penile, and anal cancers. The progression of premalignant lesions to cancer depends on factors associated with the host cell and the different epithelia infected by HPV, such as basal cells of the flat epithelium and the cells of the squamocolumnar transformation zone (STZ) found in the uterine cervix and the anal canal, which is rich in heparan sulfate proteoglycans and integrin-like receptors. On the other hand, factors associated with the viral genotype, infection with multiple viruses, viral load, viral persistence, and type of integration determine the viral breakage pattern and the sites at which the virus integrates into the host cell genome (introns, exons, intergenic regions), inducing the loss of function of tumor suppressor genes and increasing oncogene expression. This review describes the role of viral integration and the molecular mechanisms induced by HR-HPV in different types of tissues. The purpose of this review is to identify the common factors associated with the role of integration events in the progression of premalignant lesions in different types of cancer.
