Journal of Inflammation Research (Jan 2023)

Prevalence, General and Periodontal Risk Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in China

  • Liu Z,
  • Gao X,
  • Liang L,
  • Zhou X,
  • Han X,
  • Yang T,
  • Huang K,
  • Lin Y,
  • Deng S,
  • Wang Z,
  • Wang C

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 235 – 244

Abstract

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Zhiqiang Liu,1,* Xiaoli Gao,1,* Lirong Liang,2 Xuan Zhou,1 Xiaozhe Han,3 Ting Yang,4– 7 Kewu Huang,8 Yingxiang Lin,8 Shu Deng,9 Zuomin Wang,1 Chen Wang4– 7,10 1Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA; 4Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 8Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Harvard School of Dental Medicine Affiliate, Cambridge, MA, USA; 10WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zuomin Wang, Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 10 85231492, Email [email protected] Chen Wang, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 10 65105565, Email [email protected]: There is insufficient information about the prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the Chinese adult population. We aimed to assess the prevalence and identify the risk factors of GERD in China.Methods: We collected data from a nationally representative sample (50,991 subjects) of Chinese adults from a large nation-wide cross-sectional survey. GERD was diagnosed by a standardized Chinese-language GERD questionnaire with a score of ≥ 8. The demographic characteristics, comorbidities and periodontal factors of all participants were collected.Results: Fifty-thousands-one-hundred-eighty-three participants were finally included in this study. The overall prevalence of GERD was 5.6% (95% CI, 5.4– 5.8%) among the general Chinese population aged 20 years or older. Women, smokers, and people with older age, BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, urban residence, lower education level or comorbidities were more prevalent with GERD (p < 0.001). Symptoms of severe periodontitis (OR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.28– 1.52, p < 0.001) and lower frequency of tooth brushing (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.76– 2.29, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with risk of GERD.Conclusion: Symptom-based GERD is highly prevalent in the Chinese population. Overweight and smoking are major preventable risk factors for GERD. Periodontal factors are novel potential risk factors for GERD and should be given more attention in GERD prevention.Keywords: gastroesophageal reflux disease, prevalence, risk factor, periodontitis, epidemiology

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