Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymers and Nanocomposites from Limonene, Styrene and Organomodified-Clay Using Ultrasonic Assisted Method
Hodhaifa Derdar,
Geoffey Robert Mitchell,
Sarra Chaibedraa,
Vidhura Subash Mahendra,
Zakaria Cherifi,
Khaldoun Bachari,
Redouane Chebout,
Fouzia Touahra,
Rachid Meghabar,
Mohammed Belbachir
Affiliations
Hodhaifa Derdar
Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP 10 384, Siège ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, Bou-Ismail CP, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
Geoffey Robert Mitchell
Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Institute Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Marinha Grande, Portugal
Sarra Chaibedraa
Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères (LCP), Département de Chimie, FSEA, Oran1 University Ahmed Benbella BP N° 1524 El M’Naouar, Oran 31000, Algeria
Vidhura Subash Mahendra
School of Chemistry Food Science and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
Zakaria Cherifi
Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP 10 384, Siège ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, Bou-Ismail CP, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
Khaldoun Bachari
Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP 10 384, Siège ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, Bou-Ismail CP, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
Redouane Chebout
Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP 10 384, Siège ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, Bou-Ismail CP, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
Fouzia Touahra
Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP 10 384, Siège ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, Bou-Ismail CP, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
Rachid Meghabar
Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères (LCP), Département de Chimie, FSEA, Oran1 University Ahmed Benbella BP N° 1524 El M’Naouar, Oran 31000, Algeria
Mohammed Belbachir
Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères (LCP), Département de Chimie, FSEA, Oran1 University Ahmed Benbella BP N° 1524 El M’Naouar, Oran 31000, Algeria
In the present work, we report a simple synthesis method for preparation of copolymers and nanocomposites from limonene and styrene using clay as a catalyst. The copolymerization reaction is carried out by using a proton exchanged clay as a catalyst called Mag-H+. The effect of temperature, reaction time and amount of catalyst were studied, and the obtained copolymer structure (lim-co-sty) is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The molecular weight of the obtained copolymer is determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and is about 4500 g·mol−1. The (lim-co-sty/Mag 1%, 3%, 7% and 10% by weight of clay) nanocomposites were prepared through polymer/clay mixture in solution method using ultrasonic irradiation, in the presence of Mag-CTA+ as green nano-reinforcing filler. The Mag-CTA+ is organophilic silicate clay prepared through a direct exchange process, using cetyltrimethylammonuim bromide (CTAB). The prepared lim-co-sty/Mag nanocomposites have been extensively characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). TEM analysis confirms the results obtained by XRD and clearly show that the obtained nanocomposites are partially exfoliated for the lower amount of clay (1% and 3% wt) and intercalated for higher amounts of clay (7% and 10% wt). Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated an enhancement of thermal stability of nanocomposites compared with the pure copolymer.
