Технічна інженерія (Jun 2023)
On optimum designs and materials of shaped charges for practical applicationsOn optimum designs and materials of shaped charges for practical applications
Abstract
Purpose. Review and analysis of the studies results of the functioning the cumulative charges with different liners for forecasting, or obtaining correlation dependencies such as «detonation velocity of explosives – velocity of elements of shaped charge jets (SCJ)», «angle at the top of a conical liner – velocity of SCJ»; evaluation and experimental verification of engineering theories of CJ penetration into dense materials for projecting charges in practical applications; analysis of the effectiveness of shaped charge (SC) with liners made of different materials. Method. The methodological basis of research is a systematic approach to the problem of increasing the efficiency of a cumulative explosion. In accordance with the specifics of research aimed at achieving the set goals and obtaining technological dependencies, analytical, graph-analytical methods and physical and mathematical modeling were used in the work. Findings. Quantitative relationships between the velocity of the main part of the CSJ and the detonation velocity of the explosive in the charge with an angle at the top of the conical liner of 42º and the dependence of the speed of the main part of the CJ on the angle at the top of the conical copper liner was revealed. Engineering theories of CSJ penetration into dense barriers was analyzed. It is shown that the best results, which are close to the experimental data, are predicted by the theory based on the A–V model (Allison and Vitali). The most promising materials for liners of cumulative charges with the aim of increasing the penetration depth or increasing the diameter during shallow penetration have been determined. Some practical applications of short-circuiting was considered, in particular, the disposal and utilization of ammunition and non-traditional methods of destruction of reinforced concrete and rocks. Originality. A linear dependence of the CSJ velocity on the explosive velocity detonation for a charge with a conical liner and an angle at the top of 42º was established, as well as a dependence of the CSJ velocity on the angle at the top of a conical copper liner, which is close to a power law. Practical implications. The obtained results are important and useful for the design of equipment and technologies in various fields where the energy of a directed explosion is used: for the disposal and utilization of ammunition, for the opening of oil and gas reservoirs, for the reconstruction of construction facilities, in military affairs.
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