On the Influence of Composition and Structure of Carbon-Supported Pt-SnO₂ Hetero-Clusters onto Their Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability in PEMFC

Abstract

A detailed study of the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of Pt/C and Pt/x-SnO2/C catalysts synthesized using a polyol method has been provided. A series of catalysts supported on the SnO2-modified carbon was synthesized and studied by various methods including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical methods, and fuel cell testing. The SnO2 content varies from 5 to 40 wt %. The TEM images, XRD and XPS analysis suggested the Pt-SnO2 hetero-clusters formation. The SnO2 content of ca. 10% ensures an optimal catalytic layer structure and morphology providing uniform distribution of Pt-SnO2 clusters over the carbon support surface. Pt/10wt %-SnO2/C catalyst demonstrates increased activity and durability toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in course of accelerated stress testing due to the high stability of SnO2 and its interaction with Pt. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell current−voltage performance of the Pt/10wt %-SnO2/C is comparable with those of Pt/C, however, higher durability is expected.

Keywords

• pem fuel cell
• cathode catalysts
• carbon support
• catalyst stability
• hybrid carrier
• tin oxide
• pt-sno₂ nanoclusters
• accelerated stress testing