Progress in the Management of Rice Blast Disease: The Role of Avirulence and Resistance Genes through Gene-for-Gene Interactions
Muhammad Usama Younas,
Irshad Ahmad,
Muhammad Qasim,
Zainab Ijaz,
Nimra Rajput,
Saima Parveen Memon,
Waqar UL Zaman,
Xiaohong Jiang,
Yi Zhang,
Shimin Zuo
Affiliations
Muhammad Usama Younas
Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Irshad Ahmad
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Muhammad Qasim
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Zainab Ijaz
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Nimra Rajput
Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Saima Parveen Memon
Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Waqar UL Zaman
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Xiaohong Jiang
Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Yi Zhang
Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Shimin Zuo
Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Rice is a vital component in the diets of many people worldwide, supplying necessary calories for subsistence. Nevertheless, the yield of this crucial agricultural crop is consistently hindered by a range of biotic stresses. Out of these, rice blast, claused mainly by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, poses a significant menace to worldwide rice cultivation as well as yield in recent years. The consequences are particularly crucial given the current climate change challenges. In recent decades, substantial progress has been achieved in the development of efficient ways to manage rice blast disease. These procedures entail using a variety of rice genetic resources to find, map, clone, and functionally validate individual resistance (R) genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that provide long-lasting resistance to rice blast disease. Moreover, the replication and practical confirmation of homologous avirulence (Avr) genes in various M. oryzae strains have been crucial in comprehending the fundamental molecular mechanisms of host–pathogen interactions. This article offers a thorough examination of the cloning and functional verification of different R genes and QTLs linked to resistance against rice blast disease. The complex interplay between R–Avr pairings, which contributes to the development of resistance against rice blast throughout a wide range, is thoroughly explained. Finally, this study explores the most recent progress in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and genome editing technologies (GETs), examining their potential uses in improving the treatment of rice blast disease.