Радиационная гигиена (Apr 2022)
Risk assessment based on effective patient radiation doses during multislice spiral computed tomography
Abstract
The scientific article is devoted to the actual problem of modern medicine – the exposure of the public during multislice spiral computed tomography in the Republic of Uzbekistan. For the period 2017-2020 the number of computed tomography procedures increased from 175000 to 375000 (by a factor of 2), there was an increase in the collective dose from computed tomography from 987,5 to 2482,6 man-Sv (2.5 times). During the study the patient effective doses were calculated and the risks were assessed. The research work was carried out in medical institutions on CT units from different vendors. The examination protocols of 1126 adult patients were analyzed. The patient effective doses during MSCT of various anatomical regions were calculated from the DLP value and their comparative assessment was carried out. The radiation risk assessment was carried out on the basis of the effective dose using the nominal ICRP risk coefficients adjusted for age-related radiosensitivity. According to the results of the studies, it was found that when examining the head area, the effective doses of patients ranged from 1.3 ± 0.3 to 1.9 ± 0.2 mSv, the neck area – from 1.3 ± 0.3 to 2.4 ±0.3 mSv, the chest area – from 5.3 ± 0.7 to 6.6 ± 1,9 mSv, abdomen – from 7.0 ± 1.0 to 8.8 ± 1.6 mSv, small pelvis – from 7.8 ± 1.0 to 10.8 ± 2.5 mSv. The lifetime risk of long-term stochastic effects for the health of a patient from 18 to 65 years old was in the range of 10-4 – 10-3. The results of the study showed that the effective doses differ significantly from each other depending on the anatomical area of study of the patients. A person receives the highest doses of radiation when examining the pelvic and abdominal area, and smaller ones when examining the head area. The difference in the values of effective doses in the study of the same anatomical parts of the human body mainly depended on the weight of the patients, the length of the studied anatomical area, the model of the computer tomograph.
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