Gastroenterologìa (Dec 2022)

Prognostic value of blood saturated fatty acids in inflammatory bowel diseases

  • M.V. Stoikevich,
  • V.A. Karachynova,
  • I.A. Klenina,
  • O.P. Petishko

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22141/2308-2097.56.4.2022.514
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 56, no. 4
pp. 230 – 237

Abstract

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Background. Pathogenetic factors that cause the deve­lopment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) remain poorly understood, namely, the peculiarities of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in the blood serum at different degrees of disease severity, which is quite an important task. Objective: to evaluate serum level of SFAs depending on IBD severity. Materials and methods. Thirty-seven patients with IBD were examined, their average age was (38.5 ± 2.1) years. Depending on the severity of the disease, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group I — with IBD of moderate severity (n = 24) and group II — with severe IBD (n = 13). The control group consisted of 16 healthy people. The quantitative content of SFAs in the blood serum of the examined patients was determined by gas chromatography. Median (Me), lower (25%) and upper (75%) quartiles were used to describe the data. Results. Biochemical analysis revealed a tendency to decrease in the level of short-chain SFA (butyric acid; p > 0.05) and a significant increase in the total content of medium- and long-chain SFAs (MCSFAs and LCSFAs; p 0.05) in group I against group II of patients. The content of LCSFAs, namely: tridecylic acid (p ≤ 0.012), myristic acid (p < 0.001), pentadecylic acid (p ≤ 0.012), palmitic acid (p < 0.001), stearic acid (p ≤ 0.001) and heneicosylic acid (p < 0.001), increased significantly in group I and II of patients, while the content of margaric and eicosanoic acids — only in group I compared to the controls. Almost all LCSFAs (except tridecylic acid) had a tendency to increase in group I against group II. Conclusions. It has been shown that the content of SFAs in the blood depends on the degree of IBD severity. The mechanism of SFAs action with different carbon chain lengths is multidirectional and is associated with the effect on pro-/anti-inflammatory mediators and with the maintenance of the immune and intestinal homeostasis. The necessity of determining serum SFAs in IBD to correct the identified disorders has been confirmed.

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