Spontaneous Heterotopic, Ectopic Cervical and Ectopic Tubal Pregnancy - Ever Present Diagnostic Difficulty: Three Case Reports

Abstract

The incidence of heterotopic/ectopic pregnancy in recent times has increased partly due to the increase in assisted reproductive technologies, whereas such medical cases and cervical pregnancy in particular are extremely rare with spontaneous conception. We report on three patients referred to our department in one week: one patient each with spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy, cervical pregnancy and tubal pregnancy. All of them had conceived spontaneously and were properly diagnosed and treated, however, additional care is needed in diagnosing and managing the potentially fatal consequences of ectopic pregnancy if not recognized early and managed properly, despite its low incidence.

Keywords

• Pregnancy, heterotopic
• Fertilization
• Pregnancy, tubal
• Pregnancy, ectopic
• Cervix uteri – pathology
• Case reports