Toxicity of avermectin to Eriocheir sinensis and the isolation of a avermectin-degrading bacterium, Ochrobactrum sp. AVM-2

Abstract

Avermectin is widely used in the prevention and treatment of parasites diseases in aquaculture. However, the residual avermectin has a serious impact on the growth and quality of aquatic animals including Eriocheir sinensis. This study shows that the LC50 of avermectin to E. sinensis for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h was 21.88, 13.40, 9.11 and 7.10 mg/L, respectively. After avermectin stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and phenol oxidase (PO) in the hepatopancreas of E. sinensis increased and reached the peak on the 6th day. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated with the increase of exposure time and concentration of avermectin. After 15 days of avermectin exposure, hepatopancreas was damaged seriously. These results indicated that avermectin had toxicity to E. sinensis. In order to solve the pollution problem caused by residual avermectin, a degrading bacterium AVM-2 was separated from the sediment of E. sinensis breeding pond. The strain was confirmed to be Ochrobactrum sp by morphology observation, physiological and biochemical identification and 16 S rDNA sequences analysis. When the pH value was 7, the temperature was 30 ℃, the concentration of substrate was low, the quantity of inoculation was high, Ochrobactrum sp. AVM-2 had better degradation effect on avermectin. When the addition of Ochrobactrum sp. AVM-2 was 2.34 × 108 CFU/L, the residual avermectin in muscle and hepatopancreatine significantly decreased, and the degradation rate was about 66%. In summary, Ochrobactrum sp. AVM-2 could be used to solve the residual problem of avermectin and ensure the food safety of E. sinensis.

Keywords

• Avermectin
• Ochrobactrum
• Eriocheir sinensis
• Toxicity
• Degradation characteristics