Evaluation of Skeletal Facial Types in Maharashtra Population: A Jarabak Cephalometric Analysis

Abstract

Background: Cephalometric analysis is a useful diagnostic tool to determine facial type and its growth pattern, so that the clinician can determine facial disharmonies in order to centralize therapeutic measures during treatment and to modify facial growth. Aim and Objectives: To establish cephalometric standards and different facial types in Maharashtra population. Material and Methods: The present study consisted of 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) age between 18-25 years. Maxillary and Mandibular arches were well aligned in all participants. All participants included in study were residing in Maharashtra since their three to four generations. Bony landmarks used were Nasion (N), Sella (S), Menton (Me) and Gonion (Go). With the help of these landmarks linear measurements such as Anterior Facial Height and Posterior Facial Height were studied. Facial height ratio was studied to classify various facial types. Results: The present study was classified in various facial types according to Jarabak’s ratio. Study showed 84% males and 65% females are hypodivergent. 16% males and 33% females are normodivergent. 2% females are hyperdivergent. Conclusion: Majority of population has hypodivergent facial types in males and females in Maharashtra population. Anterior Facial Height (AFH) is observed to be the best discriminating parameter for normodivergent male and female cephalograms.

Keywords

• facial types
• cephalograms
• normodivergent
• hyperdivergent
• hypodivergent