THE RESPONSE TO INTERVENTION MODEL IN WRITING: A REVIEW OF ASSESSMENT MEASURES AND INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES

Abstract

Scientific evidence points to the Response to Intervention Model as a key approach to the identification and prevention of learning disabilities in writing. In order to guide teachers in the successful implementation of this model, educational psychologists need to receive training in writing instruction and how to monitor students’ progress. In this study, we present an international literature review on the two key dimensions of the model: writing assessment measures that are sensitive to change and empirically validated instructional practices to improve writing competence. Based on the 33 papers reviewed, we analyze the suitability of assessment measures and tasks and discuss several instructional practices according to their focus in a specific writing cognitive process: spelling, handwriting, and high-level cognitive processes.

Keywords

• prevention
• learning disabilities
• writing
• response to intervention
• writing assessment
• writing instruction