Romanian Journal of Stomatology (Dec 2019)

Clinical-statistical cross-sectional study on the prevalence of gingival recession

  • Andrei Capră,
  • Cornelia Bîcleşanu,
  • Anamaria Florescu,
  • Alexandru Burcea

DOI
https://doi.org/10.37897/RJS.2019.4.10
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 65, no. 4
pp. 376 – 388

Abstract

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine, în a group of patients, the prevalence of gingival recession (GR) and to assess its risk factors by making correlations between GR and demographic, dental, etiological items. Material and method. The study was carried ouţ on a batch of 422 patients, aged 20-59 years, who showed up at a private practice în Bucharest during 2016-2018. Data collection was performed by questionnaire method and clinical examination with mirror and periodontal probe; the presence of GR was measured în mm, from cementum-enamel junction (CEJ) to the gingival margin on facial and oral surfaces of all teeth and was reported according to Miller's clas-sification, into 4 classes. The Silness-Löe plaque index (PI) and the degree of evolution by determining the extension în the surface, according to Marini's criteria were calculated. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20, and Chi-Square test for the comparative analysis. Results and discussions. GR prevalence was 66%, with greater impairment în older patients (19% în the 20-29 age group to 30% în the 50-59 age group), în males (55%) and lower incisors. Statistical analysis showed the presence of statistical significance between GR and the analyzed etiological factors (presence of plaque, type of brushing, dental changes (position, location, shape), biotype, history of orthodontic treatments, endocrine changes and premenopause). Smoking and drinking alcohol were also considered predisposing factors. The study showed that there îs a statistically significant correlation between smoking and the presence of hygiene, brushing and dental malpositions and also an association between the degree of education and analyzed etiologic factors. Conclusions. More than half of the examined patients shows GR. Plaque, brushing type, dental changes, biotype, or-thodontic treatments, endocrine and premenopausal changes, smoking and alcohol consumption are etiological factors significantly associated with GR appearance.

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