Ziyuan Kexue (Dec 2023)
Impact of poverty alleviation relocation on the employment of farmers lifted out of poverty: Based on the survey data of 9 provinces and 11 counties in western China
Abstract
[Objective] The follow-up support work for poverty alleviation relocation is an important measure to consolidate and build the gains of poverty alleviation, and effectively connect with rural revitalization. Knowing whether out-of-poverty farmers can obtain employment after relocation and what kind of employment they can obtain, can provide useful policy references for follow-up support work. [Methods] This study was based on field survey data of farmers lifted out of poverty in 11 counties of 9 provinces in western China in 2021. Linear probability models and instrumental variable methods are used to study the impact of poverty alleviation relocation on the employment of farmers lifted out of poverty. Furthermore, the article discusses the differential impact of non agricultural employment sources, resettlement types, and family status of relocated farmers. The sources of employment for relocated households, as well as the differential effects of resettlement types and family status, were further discussed. [Results] The study found that: (1) Relocation significantly reduces the agricultural labor of farmers lifted out of poverty, but has no significant impact on non-agricultural employment. (2) Dividing non-agricultural employment into public public welfare position and market-based jobs, this study found that the employment of farmers lifted out of poverty in public welfare positions significantly increased, while there was no significant change in market-based employment. (3) Differential analysis shows that the promotion effect of poverty alleviation relocation on public welfare employment is more pronounced among urban resettlement households, and the market-based employment of urban resettlement households faces greater challenges. After the relocation, the employment of public welfare positions for households with asset deficient and human capital deficient increased significantly, while the employment of public welfare positions for households with compound deficiencies did not change significantly. In addition, the non-agricultural employment and market-based employment of relocated households with different family status have not changed significantly. [Conclusion] This study holds that the employment ability of relocated farmers needs to be strengthened, and we should adhere to a policy that emphasizes both employment support and guidance, focus on improving the employment opportunities and skills of relocated farmers, and provide classified policies and targeted assistance to special relocated groups, so as to stimulate and enhance the sustainable development ability of relocated farmers lifted out of poverty.
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