Screening of phytochemicals and bioactivities of different parts of Ludwigia erecta (L.) H. Hara

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate various biological activities (antimicrobial, anti-Giardial, antimalarial, antitumor, and antioxidant) as well as the phytochemistry of the root, stem, leaves, flowers and fruit of Ludwigia erecta L. The extracts of different plant parts showed variable activity against the tested microorganisms, with the highest activity (p 100 µg/mL), whereas the flower extract showed a cytotoxic effect against the MDA-MB231 cell lines, with an IC50 value of 30.5 ± 2.9 µg/mL. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) was shown by the fruits extract with IC50 50 µg/mL, whereas the same antioxidant capacity was shown by the stem, leaf, and flowers extracts with IC50 75 µg/mL. The phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, sterols, tannins, triterpenes and saponins. The total polyphenolic contents, calculated as gallic acid equivalents (mg/L), ranged from 3428.21 ± 12.53 to 3671.50 ± 11.25 mg GAE/L, and the concentration of flavonoids, calculated as quercetin equivalents (mg/L), ranged from 1501.76 ± 16.99 to 3928 ± 219.81 QE mg/L, whereas the tannin content was calculated as the tannic acid equivalent (mg/L) with a value ranging between 9.55 ± 0.11 and 48.66 ± 2.14 TAE mg/L.

Keywords

• bioactivity
• flavonoids
• ludwigia erecta
• phytochemical
• polyphenols
• tannins