Techno-economic analysis of bio-briquette from cashew nut shell waste
La Ifa,
Setyawati Yani,
Nurjannah Nurjannah,
Darnengsih Darnengsih,
Andi Rusnaenah,
Maizirwan Mel,
Mahfud Mahfud,
Heri Septya Kusuma
Affiliations
La Ifa
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jalan Urip Sumoharjo Km 05 Makassar, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, South Sulawesi 90231, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Setyawati Yani
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jalan Urip Sumoharjo Km 05 Makassar, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, South Sulawesi 90231, Indonesia
Nurjannah Nurjannah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jalan Urip Sumoharjo Km 05 Makassar, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, South Sulawesi 90231, Indonesia
Darnengsih Darnengsih
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jalan Urip Sumoharjo Km 05 Makassar, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, South Sulawesi 90231, Indonesia
Andi Rusnaenah
Department of Chemical Engineering Polymers, Politeknik STMI Jakarta, Jakarta 10510, Indonesia
Maizirwan Mel
Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, IIUM Gombak 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Mahfud Mahfud
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Heri Septya Kusuma
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
The implementation of this research consists of 2 (two) aspects: the making and testing of bio-briquettes called technological aspects and economic analysis called economic aspects. Bio-briquettes is made from cashew nutshell waste obtained from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is followed by pyrolysis, which is carried out in a simple batch type reactor by heating using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The bio-briquettes product has a calorific value of 29.49 MJ/kg, moisture content of 5.3%, ash content of 4.96%, volatile substances content of 17.16%, and carbon content of 72.62%, which meets the universally accepted bio-briquettes standard (SNI 016235-2000), Japanese, English and ISO 17225. The bio-briquettes product is suitable as an energy source. The economic analysis of the cashew nutshell was analyzed to determine its economic feasibility. For the bio-briquettes production capacity in 2,000 tons/year, cashew nut shell-briquettes products can be sold at 1,052,878 USD/year. The total production cost is USD842,304/year. The net profit is of USD147,402/year. The cost of LPG for 2,000 tons/year production capacity is USD954,358/years. The replacement of LPG with cashew seed bio-briquettes tends to help the average household of Muna Regency community to reduce the annual cost by 37.00%. In conclusion, bio-briquettes production's economic feasibility as analyzed from the investment rate is 23.55%, payout time is 3.42 years, and break-even point is 50.09%.
