Two-phase simulation of nanofluid in a confined single impinging jet

Abstract

Detailed numerical investigations are carried out to study and compare the implementation of single- and two-phase models of nanofluids on the hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of a confined single impinging jet. The effects of Reynolds number (Re = 100–400), jet height ratio (H/W = 0.5–4), and nanoparticle volume fraction (∅=0–4%) on the local and the average Nusselt number are determined. In the present work, a laminar flow was considered with a constant heat flux on the targeted surface. The two-phase model exhibits higher values of local and average Nusselt number with a maximum enhancement of 150% in average Nusselt number at H/W = 4 and ∅ = 4% while single phase model shows twice the pumping power obtained by the two-phase model. Two correlations have been established to predict the ratio of the average Nusselt numbers in the presence and absence of Al2O3-nanoparticles in the working fluid for single and two-phase models, respectively. Keywords: Impinging jet, Heat transfer enhancement, Nanofluids, Two-phase simulation