Viruses
(Nov 2016)
Chloroquine, an Endocytosis Blocking Agent, Inhibits Zika Virus Infection in Different Cell Models
Rodrigo Delvecchio,
Luiza M. Higa,
Paula Pezzuto,
Ana Luiza Valadão,
Patrícia P. Garcez,
Fábio L. Monteiro,
Erick C. Loiola,
André A. Dias,
Fábio J. M. Silva,
Matthew T. Aliota,
Elizabeth A. Caine,
Jorge E. Osorio,
Maria Bellio,
David H. O’Connor,
Stevens Rehen,
Renato Santana de Aguiar,
Andrea Savarino,
Loraine Campanati,
Amilcar Tanuri
Affiliations
Rodrigo Delvecchio
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Luiza M. Higa
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Paula Pezzuto
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Ana Luiza Valadão
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Patrícia P. Garcez
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Fábio L. Monteiro
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Erick C. Loiola
D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
André A. Dias
Department of Immunology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Fábio J. M. Silva
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Matthew T. Aliota
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Elizabeth A. Caine
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Jorge E. Osorio
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Maria Bellio
Department of Immunology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
David H. O’Connor
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Stevens Rehen
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Renato Santana de Aguiar
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Andrea Savarino
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Deptartment of Infectious Diseases, 299 Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy
Loraine Campanati
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
Amilcar Tanuri
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/v8120322
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8,
no. 12
Abstract
Read online
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in utero might lead to microcephaly and other congenital defects. Since no specific therapy is available thus far, there is an urgent need for the discovery of agents capable of inhibiting its viral replication and deleterious effects. Chloroquine is widely used as an antimalarial drug, anti-inflammatory agent, and it also shows antiviral activity against several viruses. Here we show that chloroquine exhibits antiviral activity against ZIKV in Vero cells, human brain microvascular endothelial cells, human neural stem cells, and mouse neurospheres. We demonstrate that chloroquine reduces the number of ZIKV-infected cells in vitro, and inhibits virus production and cell death promoted by ZIKV infection without cytotoxic effects. In addition, chloroquine treatment partially reveres morphological changes induced by ZIKV infection in mouse neurospheres.
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