Evolution and mechanism configuration synthesis of chamber clocks movement prior to 1700

Abstract

Chamber clocks are weight-driven wall clocks and the first type of domestic clocks to be widely used in the home. During the 16th and 17th centuries, although horologists in Europe made various types of chamber clocks in large numbers, many of the clocks have since been either replaced or discarded. In this study, we used the method of mechanical evolution and variation, analyzed and compared clock movements based on historical data and existing clocks, and synthesized all possible movement configurations of early-day chamber clocks. A total of 4 going-train configurations and 10 striking-train configurations were identified, making a total of 40 feasible movement configurations. In addition, 14 existing representative chamber clocks were selected as examples to illustrate the above configurations and their variations, which enabled the creation of a comprehensive atlas of the movement designs. The results of the study can not only help to systematically carry out the reconstruction design of various chamber clocks, but also provide new information for scholars of history of science to further historical research and develop new materials for creativity as well as science and technology education.