Paix et Sécurité Internationales (Sep 2023)
Ad Portas Europae. Singularity of Migrations in the Strait of Gibraltar Area. Southern External Borders, European Narratives and Values
Abstract
The Strait is without any doubt one of the most critical places on the planet from multiple points of view, including trade, strategic importance, security and migration. For Spain especially, it is a crucial area, not only for these reasons but also for others closely associated with Spain’s historical and neighbourly relations. In addition, it is the site of many unresolved disputes with Morocco and the United Kingdom.The control and stability of external borders in the Strait of Gibraltar Region has some characteristics. Because of its structural characteristics and dynamics, the region presents a very specific scenario that is different to that of other Spanish and European zones with external borders.Immigration in the Straits of Gibraltar must take into account the key elements that are objectively present, making the management of migratory flows particularly complicated. In addition, Morocco has been openly using immigration as a political weapon against Spain since 2021, with the aim of making Spain change its foreign policy on the Western Sahara issue.In this context, those who suffer most from these structural conditions in the complicated Strait of Gibraltar are immigrants and asylum seekers and refugees, climate refugees or those fleeing areas of famine and war. Human rights, democracy and European values must be taken into account, particularly needed in this key geostrategic Region for Europe.Recent pan-European narratives rest on a powerful foundation of values linked to fundamental democratic principles with a European dimension. European values, when focused on migration issues, imply that there must be a humanitarian reception, which must be inclusive. The full protection of human rights at borders and even their projection beyond, with democratic controls in the action of third countries authorities towards immigrants and refugees, is based on a compassionate attitude towards foreigners Ad Portas Europae.Greater involvement of the European Union in the area and the region of the Strait of Gibraltar would be desirable. Its intervention and mediation could smooth out conflicts and disputes in the area. This would result in better management of migratory flows. A clear European legal framework and a better-defined practice of respect for the human rights of immigrants, refugees and people seeking international protection in this key geostrategic region of southern Europe are urgent and badly needed.
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