Дискурс Пи (Jul 2020)
Memory and politics in the structure of historical science
Abstract
The article surveys the issue of historical memory governmentalization causes and possibility of its replacement by ideological surrogates under the influence of political course. The issue of historical memory is tightly connected with other matters - politics, construction of nation in the new Eastern Europe countries, national identity and ethnical and national correlation, Russian historical science situation. The chosen in the article approach suggests their discussion in the systemic interconnection. It's supposed that historical science renovation is the key problem and it forms the necessary condition of solving other problems. Methodological possibility of this issue systemic analysis arises with the introduction of the new historical culture concept in scientific turnover. It is the instrument for social agreement establishing through the reference to authority of the past represented as a historical memory. New historical culture fixes shift in the politics, memory and historical thinking correlation according to which historical memory horizons are going to broaden and include layers of the past hidden before, alternative universes of family and personal "histories". The precondition of new historical culture, according to the author, is the J. Ortega y Gasset's Historical Reason concept with basic idea of human existence as a radical reality, and theoretic-methodological base - the New Institutionalism by D. North. The main results of the research are certain scientific points with attribution of originality. First of all, the idea of boarders of the past "extension" in the process of institutional basis reconstruction during the evolution that opens the space of alternative worlds. In this view memory presents time as something integral, in unity of the past, present and future modus, as an inclusion of new (alternative) experience in structures of the present. Secondly, the idea of politics being a social "apriori" of historical science. The article notes culture and ideology as two ways how to mediate the relations between the politics and history. Thirdly, the idea of national identity in Russia being "uncompleted" from beneath, thus immature national origin is replaced by civilizational one, historical memory becomes governmental and opportunistic and cultural tradition loses its vital ground and devastates itself.
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