Simultaneous Presence of Antibodies against Five Respiratory Pathogens in Unvaccinated Dairy Calves from South-Western Poland
Agnieszka Lachowicz-Wolak,
Małgorzata D. Klimowicz-Bodys,
Katarzyna Płoneczka-Janeczko,
Michał Bednarski,
Kamil Dyba,
Piotr Knap,
Krzysztof Rypuła
Affiliations
Agnieszka Lachowicz-Wolak
Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Małgorzata D. Klimowicz-Bodys
Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Katarzyna Płoneczka-Janeczko
Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Michał Bednarski
Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Kamil Dyba
Department of Applied Mathematics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Piotr Knap
“Epi-Vet” Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Krzysztof Rypuła
Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) poses a significant threat to cattle welfare worldwide, affecting their respiratory system and causing substantial economic losses. BRD is multifactorial in nature. This research aimed to investigate the serological profile of calves for the five main bovine respiratory pathogens. Serum samples were collected from dairy calves aged 7–12 months that had never been vaccinated against tested pathogens and had recently shown signs of BRD. A total of 4095 calves from 650 dairy herds located in south-western Poland were examined. The Commercial Indirect Respiratory ELISA Kit Multiplexed—Double well—BIO K 284/5 (Bio-X Diagnostics, Rochefort, Belgium) was used to determine the presence of antibodies against BVDV, BoAHV1, BRSV, BPIV3, and M. bovis. The presence of antibodies against at least one of the tested pathogens was found in 306 (47.08%) herds. The overall prevalence of antibodies was as follows: BoAHV1 21.54%, BVDV 32.0%, BRSV 34.15%, BPIV3 34.31%, and M. bovis 31.38%. The strongest correlation was between BRSV antibodies positive sera and BPIV3 antibodies positive sera. Among the five pathogens tested, antibodies to BVDV, BRSV, BPIV3, and M. bovis were most commonly detected simultaneously. The results of this study indicate the need for preventive measures against these pathogens in the studied region.
