International Journal of Nanomedicine (Apr 2019)
Nanocarriers and nonviral methods for delivering antiangiogenic factors for glioblastoma therapy: the story so far
Abstract
Anne Clavreul,1,2 Milad Pourbaghi-Masouleh,2,3 Emilie Roger,4 Philippe Menei1,2 1Department of Neurosurgery, CHU, Angers, France; 2CRCINA, INSERM, University of Nantes, University of Angers, Angers, France; 3Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; 4MINT, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, University of Angers, Angers, France Abstract: Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is an essential component of glioblastoma (GB) progression. The development of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy, including treatments targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in particular, raised new hopes for the treatment of GB, but no Phase III clinical trial to date has reported survival benefits relative to standard treatment. There are several possible reasons for this limited efficacy, including VEGF-independent angiogenesis, induction of tumor invasion, and inefficient antiangiogenic factor delivery to the tumor. Efforts have been made to overcome these limitations by identifying new angiogenesis inhibitors that target angiogenesis through different mechanisms of action without inducing tumor invasion, and through the development of viral and nonviral delivery methods to improve antiangiogenic activity. Herein, we describe the nonviral methods, including convection-enhanced delivery devices, implantable polymer devices, nanocarriers, and cellular vehicles, to deliver antiangiogenic factors. We focus on those evaluated in intracranial (orthotopic) animal models of GB, the most relevant models of this disease, as they reproduce the clinical scenario of tumor progression and therapy response encountered in GB patients. Keywords: antiangiogenic factors, delivery methods, glioblastoma, convection-enhanced delivery devices, implantable polymer devices, nanocarriers, cellular vehicles
