Scientific Reports (Feb 2020)
High HIV-1 diversity in immigrants resident in Italy (2008–2017)
- Maria Teresa Maggiorella,
- Nunzia Sanarico,
- Gaetano Brindicci,
- Laura Monno,
- Carmen Rita Santoro,
- Nicola Coppola,
- Nunzia Cuomo,
- Annalisa Azzurri,
- Francesco Cesario,
- Filippo Luciani,
- Issa El-Hamad,
- Gabriella D’Ettorre,
- Ombretta Turriziani,
- Laura Mazzuti,
- Alessandra Poggi,
- Francesca Vichi,
- Elisa Mariabelli,
- Lorenzo Surace,
- Giuseppina Berardelli,
- Orietta Picconi,
- Alessandra Cenci,
- Leonardo Sernicola,
- Claudia Rovetto,
- Domenico Fulgenzi,
- Roberto Belli,
- Emanuela Salvi,
- Patrizia Di Zeo,
- Alessandra Borsetti,
- Barbara Ridolfi,
- Ruggero Losappio,
- Fabio Zoboli,
- Ivan Schietroma,
- Eleonora Cella,
- Silvia Angeletti,
- Massimo Ciccozzi,
- Stefania D’Amato,
- Barbara Ensoli,
- Stefano Buttò,
- the Italian Network for HIV Characterization
Affiliations
- Maria Teresa Maggiorella
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Nunzia Sanarico
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Gaetano Brindicci
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Hospital-University Polyclinic, University of Bari
- Laura Monno
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Hospital-University Polyclinic, University of Bari
- Carmen Rita Santoro
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Vittorio Emanuele II Hospital
- Nicola Coppola
- HIV Unit, University of Vanvitelli
- Nunzia Cuomo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Cotugno Hospital
- Annalisa Azzurri
- Seroimmunology and Allergology Unit, S. Stefano Hospital
- Francesco Cesario
- Valentini General Medicine Unit, Hospital of Cosenza
- Filippo Luciani
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital of Cosenza
- Issa El-Hamad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia
- Gabriella D’Ettorre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
- Ombretta Turriziani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome
- Laura Mazzuti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome
- Alessandra Poggi
- Structure of Clinical Pathology, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital
- Francesca Vichi
- Structure of Infectious Diseases Structure, S.M. Annunziata Hospital
- Elisa Mariabelli
- Structure of Infectious Diseases Structure, S.M. Annunziata Hospital
- Lorenzo Surace
- Center of Traveller and Migration Medicine, ASP Catanzaro, P.O. Lamezia Terme
- Giuseppina Berardelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Giovanni Paolo II Hospital
- Orietta Picconi
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Alessandra Cenci
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Leonardo Sernicola
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Claudia Rovetto
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Domenico Fulgenzi
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Roberto Belli
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Emanuela Salvi
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Patrizia Di Zeo
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Alessandra Borsetti
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Barbara Ridolfi
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Ruggero Losappio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Vittorio Emanuele II Hospital
- Fabio Zoboli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia
- Ivan Schietroma
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
- Eleonora Cella
- Medical Statistic and Epidemiology Research Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome
- Silvia Angeletti
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome
- Massimo Ciccozzi
- Medical Statistic and Epidemiology Research Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome
- Stefania D’Amato
- Ministry of Health, Directorate General for Prevention
- Barbara Ensoli
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Stefano Buttò
- National Center for the HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- the Italian Network for HIV Characterization
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59084-2
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 10,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 14
Abstract
Abstract The proportion of new diagnoses of HIV infection in immigrants residing in Italy raised from 11% in 1992 to 29.7% in 2018. To investigate the HIV clades circulating in this community a retrospective study was performed in 557 HIV-infected immigrants living in 12 Italian cities. Immigrants originated from East-Europe and Central-Asia (11.7%), North Africa and Middle East (7.3%), South and South-East Asia (7.2%), Latin America and the Caribbean (14.4%), and sub-Saharan Africa (59.4%). More than 87% of immigrants were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), although 26.6% of them were viremic. A 22.0% of immigrants had hepatitis (HBV and/or HCV) and/or tuberculosis. HIV phylogenetic analysis on sequences from 192 immigrants showed the presence of clades B (23.4%), G (16.1%), C (10.4%), A1 (9.4%), F1 (5.2%), D (1.6%) and Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) (33.9%). CRF02_AG represented 72.3% of the total CRFs. Clusters between immigrants and Italian natives were also present. Drug resistance mutations to NRTI, NNRTI, and PI drug classes occurred in 29.1% of ART-treated and in 12.9% of ART-naïve individuals. These data highlight the need for tailored public health interventions in immigrants to avoid spreading in Italy of HIV genetic forms and ART-resistant variants, as well as HIV co-morbidities.
