Use of Hanseniaspora spp. in sequential fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to improve the aromatic complexity of Albillo Mayor white wines

Abstract

Hanseniaspora spp apiculate yeasts can be found on ripe grape skins and during the first six days of the alcoholic fermentation. Generally, these yeasts have poor characteristics for its industrial application in winery as they are related with low fermentative power, low resistance to SO2 and even high volatile acidity production. However, some species have a better fermentative capacity and are producers of certain floral and fruity volatiles. This is the case of the two strains used in this study. Hanseniaspora vineae (HV) has a fermentative power around 8-10% v/v, low volatile acidity production and produces high levels of 2-phenylethyl acetate. Similarly, Hanseniaspora opuntiae (HO) also produces a low volatile acidity providing sweet and floral aromas, but has a fermentative power around 6% v/v, which means that it must be used in sequential fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC). In addition, several studies indicate that both species can increase the mouthfeel and wine body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of HV and HO in sequential fermentation with SC to improve the sensory profile of high quality white wines from the neutral grape variety Albillo Mayor. Fermentations were performed in triplicate in 150 L stainless steel barrels with grapes from the 2021 vintage. Pure SC fermentations were used as controls. After the fermentation, the polysaccharide content and the colour was measured, and an intensive study of the aromatic profile was done.