Vectorial Release of Human RNA Viruses from Epithelial Cells
Sabine Chapuy-Regaud,
Claire Allioux,
Nicolas Capelli,
Marion Migueres,
Sébastien Lhomme,
Jacques Izopet
Affiliations
Sabine Chapuy-Regaud
Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France
Claire Allioux
INFINITy (Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, CHU Purpan, F-31024 Toulouse, France
Nicolas Capelli
Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France
Marion Migueres
Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France
Sébastien Lhomme
Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France
Jacques Izopet
Department of Virology, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France
Epithelial cells are apico-basolateral polarized cells that line all tubular organs and are often targets for infectious agents. This review focuses on the release of human RNA virus particles from both sides of polarized human cells grown on transwells. Most viruses that infect the mucosa leave their host cells mainly via the apical side while basolateral release is linked to virus propagation within the host. Viruses do this by hijacking the cellular factors involved in polarization and trafficking. Thus, understanding epithelial polarization is essential for a clear understanding of virus pathophysiology.
