Beneficial Effects of <i>Sideritis clandestina</i> Extracts and Sideridiol against Amyloid β Toxicity
Anna Gioran,
Yiorgos Paikopoulos,
Eleni Panagiotidou,
Aikaterini E. I. Rizou,
Georgia I. Nasi,
Virginia D. Dimaki,
Konstantina D. Vraila,
Dimitra S. Bezantakou,
Panagiotis M. Spatharas,
Nikos C. Papandreou,
Vassiliki Magafa,
Fotini N. Lamari,
Vassiliki A. Iconomidou,
Niki Chondrogianni
Affiliations
Anna Gioran
Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
Yiorgos Paikopoulos
Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
Eleni Panagiotidou
Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
Aikaterini E. I. Rizou
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Georgia I. Nasi
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Virginia D. Dimaki
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Konstantina D. Vraila
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Dimitra S. Bezantakou
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Panagiotis M. Spatharas
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Nikos C. Papandreou
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Vassiliki Magafa
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Fotini N. Lamari
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Vassiliki A. Iconomidou
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
Niki Chondrogianni
Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Given the link between oxidative stress and AD, many studies focus on the identification of natural antioxidants against AD. Although their antioxidant capacity is important, increasing data suggest that additional activities are related to their beneficial effects, including properties against amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation. Sideritis spp. (mountain tea) extracts possess not only antioxidant activity but also other bioactivities that confer neuroprotection. Although various Sideritis spp. extracts have been extensively studied, there are scarce data on S. clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca (SCP) phytochemical composition and neuroprotective potential, while nothing is known of the responsible compounds. Given that SCP is a weaker antioxidant compared to other Sideritis spp., here, we investigated its potential beneficial properties against Aβ aggregation. We characterized different SCP extracts and revealed their anti-aggregation activity by taking advantage of established C. elegans AD models. Importantly, we identified two pure compounds, namely, sideridiol and verbascoside, being responsible for the beneficial effects. Furthermore, we have revealed a potential anti-Aβ aggregation mechanism for sideridiol. Our results support the use of mountain tea in the elderly against dementia and demonstrate the activity of sideridiol against Aβ aggregation that could be exploited for drug development.