Prevalence of anaemia and the associated factors among hospitalised people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Southwest China: a cross-sectional study
Jie Yuan,
Hai Long,
Min Liu,
Juan He,
Jue Liu,
Yu Wu,
Wenzhan Jing,
Min Du,
Manna Zhang,
Yaping Wang,
Su Song,
Siqi Liu,
Guiying Cao,
Yuedong Liang,
Xiaoxin Xie,
Yanhua Fu
Affiliations
Jie Yuan
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
Hai Long
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Min Liu
Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Juan He
West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Jue Liu
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
Yu Wu
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
Wenzhan Jing
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
Min Du
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
Manna Zhang
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Yaping Wang
Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi`an, Shaanxi, People`s Republic of China
Su Song
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Siqi Liu
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Guiying Cao
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
Yuedong Liang
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Xiaoxin Xie
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Yanhua Fu
Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
Objectives To estimate anaemia prevalence and the associated factors among hospitalised people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).Design A cross-sectional study.Setting PLHIV receiving ART and hospitalised in a specialised hospital for infectious disease in Guizhou Province, Southwest China, between 1 January 2018 and 31 March 2021.Participants A total of 6959 hospitalised PLHIV aged ≥18 years and receiving ART were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measures Anaemia was diagnosed as a haemoglobin concentration <120 g/L for non-pregnant females and <130 g/L for males. Mild, moderate and severe anaemia were diagnosed as below the gender‐specific lower limit of normal but ≥110 g/L, 80–110 g/L and <80 g/L, respectively.Results The prevalence of anaemia was 27.5%, and that of mild, moderate and severe anaemia was 9.2%, 12.2% and 6.1%, respectively. Results from multivariate logistic regression showed that females had increased odds of anaemia (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.60, 95% CI: 1.42 to 1.81) compared with males. Widowed or divorced inpatients (anaemia: aOR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.47; severe anaemia: aOR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.97) and thrombocytopenia inpatients (anaemia: aOR=4.25, 95% CI: 3.54 to 5.10; severe anaemia: aOR=4.16, 95% CI: 3.24 to 5.35) had increased odds of anaemia and severe anaemia compared with their counterparts. Hepatitis C was associated with increased odds of severe anaemia (aOR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.92).Conclusions Anaemia was prevalent among hospitalised PLHIV. Female sex, those widowed or divorced, and thrombocytopenia were associated with increased odds of anaemia, and those widowed or divorced, thrombocytopenia and hepatitis C were associated with increased odds of severe anaemia. Determination of anaemia predictors, early detection and timely management of anaemia are crucial to prevent anaemia progression.
