Optimization of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) D. C. leaf extraction using a simplex centroid design focused on extracting phenolics with antioxidant and antiproliferative activities
Catarina dos Santos,
Andressa Lie Mizobucchi,
Bruna Escaramboni,
Bruno Pereira Lopes,
Celio Fernando Figueiredo Angolini,
Marcos Nogueira Eberlin,
Karina Alves de Toledo,
Eutimio Gustavo Fernández Núñez
Affiliations
Catarina dos Santos
Laboratory of Chemistry of UNESP-Assis (LAQUA), Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP)
Andressa Lie Mizobucchi
Laboratory of Chemistry of UNESP-Assis (LAQUA), Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP)
Bruna Escaramboni
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP)
Bruno Pereira Lopes
Laboratory of Physiopathology of Innate Immunity, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP)
Celio Fernando Figueiredo Angolini
Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Ecology Laboratory (MS-Cell), Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC)
Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Karina Alves de Toledo
Laboratory of Physiopathology of Innate Immunity, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP)
Eutimio Gustavo Fernández Núñez
School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP)
Abstract Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) D. C. (Myrtaceae) has been showing interesting biological activities in the literature which was correlated to its phenolic compounds. In the sense of a better recovering of phenolics with the best antioxidant and antiproliferative activities, an extraction, based on multivariate analytical approach, was developed from E. punicifolia leaves. The different extractor solvents (ethanol, methanol and water) and their binary and ternary combinations were evaluated using a simplex-centroid mixture design and surface response methodology. The optimized crude extracts were investigated for phenol and flavonoid content and compared to their antioxidant (EC50) and antiproliferative properties against HEp-2 (cell line derived from the oropharyngeal carcinoma) and mononuclear viability cells. Ethanolic extracts showed the best phenolic content with the highest antioxidant activity and moderated activity antiproliferative to HEp-2. ESI-QTOF–MS revealed the presence of quercetin and myricetin derivatives, which was correlated to activities tested. Then, simplex-centroid design allowed us to correlate the Eugenia punicifolia biological activities with the extracts obtained from solvent different polarity mixtures.
