Additional Proportion and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Carpenter-Coustan Criteria but not with National Diabetes Data Group Criteria

Abstract

Objective:This study was to estimate the additional proportion of GDM detected by the Carpenter-Coustan (CC) criteria only, over the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria, and the increased adverse pregnancy outcomes in this group. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. By using retrospective data from the prenatal care unit of Lampang Regional Hospital, women were classified into 3 groups, based on oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). They were GDM by the NDDG criteria, GDM by the CC criteria only, and non-GDM by both criteria. The risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by a binary regression. Results: There were 1,053 pregnancies with OGTT results. Among these, 33.3% was defined GDM by the NDDG criteria. More 13.2% were defined by the CC criteria only. Women in the CC-GDM group had higher risks to deliver neonates ≥ 3,500 grams (RR = 2.33), and higher premature rupture of membranes (RR = 3.01).Conclusions: The CC criteria increased more women to be diagnosed as GDM. Women detected as GDM by the CC criteria but not the NDDG criteria, had higher risks of neonates ≥ 3,500 grams and premature rupture of membranes.

Keywords

• pregnancy outcomes
• gestational diabetes mellitus
• Carpenter-Coustan criteria
• National Diabetes Data Group Criteria
• glucose tolerance test
• obstetric complications