Analysis of Bioactive Aroma Compounds in Essential Oils from Algerian Plants: Implications for Potential Antioxidant Applications
Anis Bertella,
Georgiana-Luminita Gavril,
Magdalena Wrona,
Davinson Pezo,
Abouamama Sidaoui,
Kheira Benlahcen,
Mebrouk Kihal,
Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska,
Jesús Salafranca,
Cristina Nerín
Affiliations
Anis Bertella
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, Abbes Laghrour Khenchela University, BP 1252 Road of Batna, Khenchela 40004, Algeria
Georgiana-Luminita Gavril
Department of Bioinformatics, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Sector 6, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
Magdalena Wrona
Departmento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (EINA), Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3 (Edificio Torres Quevedo), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
Davinson Pezo
Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km. 299, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
Abouamama Sidaoui
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Biology, Amine Elokkal El Hadj Moussa Egakhamouk University of Tamanghasset, Tamanghasset 11000, Algeria
Kheira Benlahcen
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed BenBella, Oran 31100, Algeria
Mebrouk Kihal
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed BenBella, Oran 31100, Algeria
Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska
Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarin 7 Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
Jesús Salafranca
Departmento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (EINA), Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3 (Edificio Torres Quevedo), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
Cristina Nerín
Departmento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (EINA), Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3 (Edificio Torres Quevedo), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
In samples of Artemisia campestris (AC), Artemisia herba-alba (AHA) and Salvia jordanii (SJ) essential oils, up to 200 distinct volatile compounds were identified. Using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–olfactometry–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-O-MS), different panelists detected 52 of these compounds. This study offers the most detailed analysis of bioactive compound profiles conducted so far. The most abundant compounds identified were curcumene, making up 12.96% of AC, and camphor, constituting 21.67% of AHA and 19.15% of SJ. The compounds with the highest odor activity value (OAV) were (E,Z)-2,4-nonadienal (geranium, pungent), 3-nonenal (cucumber) and 2-undecenal (sweet) in AC, AHA and SJ, respectively. AHA essential oil showed significant antioxidant activity (IC50 = 41.73 ± 4.14 mg/g) and hydroxyl radical generation (hydroxylation percentage = 29.62 ± 3.14), as assessed by the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. In terms of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), the strongest antioxidant activity was obtained for SJ essential oil (antioxidant activity of the essential oils, AOX = 337.49 ± 9.87).
