Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (May 2002)
Enteroparasitoses, Anemia e Estado Nutricional em Grávidas Atendidas em Serviço Público de Saúde Intestinal Parasites, Anemia and Nutritional Status in Pregnant Women in a Public Health Care Unit
Abstract
Objetivos: estimar a freqüência de enteroparasitoses em gestantes de pré-natal de baixo risco e sua associação com anemia, estado nutricional, escolaridade e saneamento (fossa sanitária) no domicílio. Métodos: a partir de amostra de 316 gestantes que iniciaram o pré-natal de baixo risco do ambulatório de pré-natal do Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco (IMIP) no período de maio de 2000 a julho de 2001, determinaram-se, por meio de um desenho de corte transversal, as freqüências de enteroparasitoses (método Hoffman, em única amostra) e de anemia (Hb Purpose: to determine the frequency of enteroparasitoses in a group of pregnant women undergoing low-risk antenatal care and their association with anemia, maternal nutritional status, schooling and the existence of a bathroom in the home. Methods: to a sample of pregnant women who had begun low-risk antenatal care at IMIP's Maternal Health Care Center between May 2000 and July 2001, a cross-sectional design was applied to determine the frequencies of enteroparasitoses (Hoffman method, in a single sample) and anemia (Hb <11.0 g/dL), nutritional status (through BMI standardized for stage of pregnancy) and social indicators (schooling and the existence of a bathroom in the home). Results: in a sample of 316 pregnant women, a rate of 37.4% enteroparasitosis was detected, of which 31.6% was infestation by a single parasite. The most commonly found parasite species were Entamoeba histolytica (13.3%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (12.0%). Anemia was detected in 55.4% of the pregnant women, malnutrition in 25.0% and overweight or obesity in 24.1%. There was a statistically significant association between enteroparasitosis and schooling. However, no association of, enteroparasitosis, anemia, maternal nutritional status with the existence of a bathroom in the home was noted. Conclusions: The prevalence of enteroparasitoses and anemia is high, albeit without any association of the two conditions, while schooling was statistically associated with the presence of intestinal parasites.
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