Reasoning by semantic analogies of blind students in category “the cause – the effect”

Abstract

Reasoning by analogies plays a huge role in the lives of blind people. Since sighted people use the vocabulary and phrases that capture the relationship between all the senses – the blind must in the best possible way for them to know these phrases. This precisely enables them the analogy. Reasoning by analogies develops and expands vocabulary (active and passive), enables learning about specific relationships between objects, concepts, phenomena, allowing to create more relevant vision of reality. 63 blind students and 63 sighted pupils aged 10–14 years were evaluated. There were used Tests to Examine the Reasoning by Semantic and Numerical Analogies by B. Pietrulewicz. With age, reasoning by semantic analogies of blind students is excelling, which is also due to the transition from concrete thinking to formal stage of thinking. It occurs activation of various mental operations, including the increasingly precise use of analogies.

Keywords

• analogie, rozumowanie przez analogie semantyczne, analogie semantyczne w kategorii przyczyna – skutek, uczniowie niewidomi