International Journal of Nanomedicine (Oct 2023)

Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Hydrogels as Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Comprehensive Review

  • Stocco TD,
  • Zhang T,
  • Dimitrov E,
  • Ghosh A,
  • da Silva AMH,
  • Melo WC,
  • Tsumura WG,
  • Silva ADR,
  • Sousa GF,
  • Viana BC,
  • Terrones M,
  • Oliveira Lobo A

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 18
pp. 6153 – 6183

Abstract

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Thiago Domingues Stocco,1 Tianyi Zhang,2 Edgar Dimitrov,2 Anupama Ghosh,3 Alessandro Marcio Hakme da Silva,1 Wanessa CMA Melo,4 Willian Gonçalves Tsumura,1 André Diniz Rosa Silva,5,6 Gustavo F Sousa,6 Bartolomeu C Viana,6 Mauricio Terrones,2 Anderson Oliveira Lobo6 1Bioengineering Program, Scientific and Technological Institute, Brazil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; 2Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; 3Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering (DEQM), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 4FTMC, State Research institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Functional Materials and Electronics, Vilnius, Lithuanian; 5FATEC, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; 6Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials (LIMAV), BioMatLab Group, Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, BrazilCorrespondence: Anderson Oliveira Lobo, Tel +55 86 981115013, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) are a category of nanomaterials with various systems based on combinations of sp2 and sp3 hybridized carbon bonds, morphologies, and functional groups. CBNs can exhibit distinguished properties such as high mechanical strength, chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, and biocompatibility. These desirable physicochemical properties have triggered their uses in many fields, including biomedical applications. In this review, we specifically focus on applying CBNs as scaffolds in tissue engineering, a therapeutic approach whereby CBNs can act for the regeneration or replacement of damaged tissue. Here, an overview of the structures and properties of different CBNs will first be provided. We will then discuss state-of-the-art advancements of CBNs and hydrogels as scaffolds for regenerating various types of human tissues. Finally, a perspective of future potentials and challenges in this field will be presented. Since this is a very rapidly growing field, we expect that this review will promote interdisciplinary efforts in developing effective tissue regeneration scaffolds for clinical applications.Keywords: carbon, biomaterial, nanotechnology, tissue engineering, scaffold

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