Evaluation of Trichoderma spp. and Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (Bion®) as resistance inducers in garlic (Allium sativum L.) agains white rot Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. under field conditions

Abstract

Inducers of biotic and abiotic resistance emerge as an alternative for the management of garlic white rot caused by the fungus Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. To evaluate the effect of these inducers on crop yield variables, final disease incidence (DI), the area under the curve of disease progress (AUDPC) and variables associated with plant growth and yield of garlic, and experiment was set, using the fungi Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningiopsis with Bion® under field conditions in a randomized block design with eight treatments and four replications were incorporated. The treatments were conformed as follows: control, Trichoderma harzianum under commercial formulas Tricobiol® (Tri), Subiol® (S), T. koningiopsis (Tk), Bion® (B), T. koningiopsis + Bion (Tk+ B), Subiol Bion (S+B) and Bion +Tricobiol (Tri+ B). The higher yields and growth variables correspond to those plants treated with Tk+ B treatment and coincided with some of the lowest AUDPC. The lower (DI) was observed when applied Tk, Tk +B and Tri. These results indicated that the greatest protection against the disease was achieved with the combination of the antagonist with the chemical reflected in a decrease of AUDPC and a delay in the peak of infection. The total yield of garlic increased in the treatments in which both inducers and that stimulated plant productivity and thus the development and defense.

Keywords

• Induced resistance
• final disease incidence
• area under the curve of disease progress