A Fair Assessment of Evaluation Tools for the Murine Microbead Occlusion Model of Glaucoma

Abstract

Despite being one of the most studied eye diseases, clinical translation of glaucoma research is hampered, at least in part, by the lack of validated preclinical models and readouts. The most popular experimental glaucoma model is the murine microbead occlusion model, yet the observed mild phenotype, mixed success rate, and weak reproducibility urge for an expansion of available readout tools. For this purpose, we evaluated various measures that reflect early onset glaucomatous changes in the murine microbead occlusion model. Anterior chamber depth measurements and scotopic threshold response recordings were identified as an outstanding set of tools to assess the model’s success rate and to chart glaucomatous damage (or neuroprotection in future studies), respectively. Both are easy-to-measure, in vivo tools with a fast acquisition time and high translatability to the clinic and can be used, whenever judged beneficial, in combination with the more conventional measures in present-day glaucoma research (i.e., intraocular pressure measurements and post-mortem histological analyses). Furthermore, we highlighted the use of dendritic arbor analysis as an alternative histological readout for retinal ganglion cell density counts.

Keywords

• glaucoma
• ocular hypertension
• microbead occlusion model
• retinal ganglion cells
• optical coherence tomography
• anterior chamber depth