Cálculo de la fuerza de fricción necesaria para extraer el coque de hornos solera para el diseño de prototipos de máquinas de empuje

Abstract

This article presents one of the results of the research co-financed by MINCIENCIAS through call 851 of 2019 and supported by Tecnoparque SENA, Ocaña node headquarters, which made it possible to materialize, through the application of the R&D&I3 methodology (Research+Planning+Product Definition, Design and Development), an innovative prototype of a pushing machine to extract coke from hearth ovens. To achieve this, the friction force required to extract the coke was calculated through a design procedure based on the study by Badiuzzaman and Sadayoshi & Michikata; developed based on the characteristics of a vertical oven, whose geometry, characteristics and production capacity are totally different from those of a hearth oven, therefore, the design variables are different. Thus, using a theoretical methodology resulting from the engineering adaptation of a vertical furnace to a hearth furnace, and an experimental methodology, a design procedure is presented to calculate the friction force required to extract 2.8 tons of coke through the extraction machine in the de-baking process of a hearth furnace commonly used in Norte de Santander and Colombia. Theoretically, a procedure is presented, using parameters such as coke cake weight and friction coefficients, to determine the friction and thrust forces. An experimental validation was performed using a proposed methodology to calculate the force required by the motor to extract coke, based on variables such as voltage, amperage, efficiency, and power factor. A correspondence of 86.7% is evident between the theoretical data for the maximum force required to overcome the sticky condition and the experimental data, allowing for a satisfactory estimation of the coefficients theoretically used for the selection of the motor and machine components.

Keywords

• horno solera
• coque
• extracción
• fuerza
• máquina
• minciencias