The cerebrovascular disease and their risk factors

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebrovascular diseases are the third leading cause of death and the first cause of disability in the world. Objective: To measure the associations between cerebrovascular strokes and their risk factors. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out, the series was made up of 904 patients diagnosed upon admission of cerebrovascular disease, in the period from June 2017 to June 2018 at the Hospital Militar Central Dr. Carlos J. Finlay. The different clinical forms of cardiovascular disease were analyzed based on the variables age, sex, smoking, alcoholism, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Absolute and relative frequencies were used as summary measures. Results: 54.7% of patients were older than 70 years and 58.7% were male. Smoking was found in 87.7 % of atherothrombotic stroke and in 89.2 % of intraparenchymal hemorrhages and alcohol in 64.6 % of intraparenchymal hemorrhages. More than 80 % of the patients with ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke were hypertensive, and cardioembolic stroke was associated in 91.9 % with cardiac arrhythmia. Conclusions: Cerebrovascular disease was predominant over 70 years old and male. Ischemic strokes are more frequent than hemorrhagic ones. High blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were the most frequent risk factors for both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.

Keywords

• enfermedad cerebrovascular
• factores de riesgo
• hipertensión arterial
• tabaquismo.